Crude-oil still.



Patented Apr. 29, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET lflf/Arro/f/ r LSQQQ'UQ T. E. MURRAY.

CRUDE 0H. STILL. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 7, 1916.

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CRUDE-0 STILL.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. as, rare.

Application filed Itovemter 7, 1916. Serial No. iaaeaa To all whom itmayv concern:

Be it known that T, THOMAS E. MURRAY, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Crude-Oil Stills,of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a crude oil coking still, that is to say, astill in which the crude oil is distilled and the residue is reduced toa solid residue or coke, free from tar or other liquid matter, and moreparticularly to the removal of said coke from said still.

Heretofore the process of refining crude petroleum has been to convey itby suitable piping to a horizontal cylindrical receptacle set in masonrycontaining also a grate, fire box and fines. The various products ofdistillation are given ofi' in turn as the temperature increases. Thesolid residue being, however, deposited on the oil receptacle bot-* tom,where it is exposed to the intense furnace heat, causes the burning outof said bottom. In order to remove the residue after thedistillationais' complete, the fire is drawn, and after the oilreceptacle and masonry are cooled suiliciently to permit men to enterthe receptacle through man-holes in its ends, the solid residue ismanually shoveled outa proceeding which wastes the time necessary or thecooling of the parts and renders the labor necessary for the removal ofthe residue both onerous and disagreeable.

In the present embodiment of my invention, I provide a constructionwhich eliminates solid residue on' the opposite side of the oilreceptacle wall upon which the furnace gases impinge. by collecting thesaid residue in a receptacle which is located below the heated surfaceof the oil receptacleor, in other words, which is below the fire gratesurface. The preferred form of this receptacle here illustrated iselongated, with its ends extendin through and protruding beyond theoutsi e of the masonry. These ends may be opened and closed, so that thecontents of the residue receptacle may be distillation is deposited.

removed without requiring the men to go inside the casing, much lessinside the oil receptacle. Hence there is no necessity of reducing thetemperature, and, therefore, there is agreat saving of time. I also mayprovide in the residue receptacle a lining which can be readily removedtogether with all of the accumulated residue thereon, and which afterdumping, can be replaced-another parts.

A is the fire-grate, and B the fire chamber which communicates with anescapeppening or stack C. D is'a vertical cylindrical recep-- tacle openat its lower end to register with an opening in the upper side of ahorizontal lid receptacle E in which the solidmesidue oi Said receptacleis placed below the fuel-receiving surface of the grate A; or, in otherwords, the heating surface of the oil receptacle D, which is above saidresidue receptacle E, is also above said grate. A masonry casing Glncloses the receptacles and grate, and has a horizontalbafiie-plate Fdisposed above said grate. The oil receptacle D passes through saidplate F, and, as here shown, closes an opening. H in the top wall of thecasing. Through opening H pass the crude oil supply pipe I and the ipe.l' which leads from the oil recetacle to t e condenser, not shown. Thebafiie-plate F does not extend entirely across the casing G, so that agas passage is left between the edge of said plate and said casing. Thegases in circulatingtalre the course shown by the arrows in Fig. l,first, meeting the oil receptacle below said plate F and passing aroundsaid rec%tacle, then rising through said passage and thenmoving in thereverse direction, assing around the-receptacle above plate to Ken theescape opening or stack at C. The whole wall of the oil receptacle abovethe grate is thus heating surface, while the residue receptacle belowthe grate is screened by said grate and the fuel thereon, so that saidresidue receptacle is not heated by gas current due to combustion offuel on the grate, as shown by the arrows in Fig. 1. Instead ofproducing the gas current by the consumption of solid fuel on the grate,I may substitute any suitable form of gas or oil burners, but in thatcase for the grate A a solid screen should be substituted, or if thegrate be retained, the interstices between the bars should be closed.

The receptacle E, as here shown, is substantially semi-cylindrical incross section, with its flat side uppermost, and is supported bybrackets L resting on masonry blocks M. Its ends extend through oppositewalls of easing G, as shown in Fig. 2. Each end is here provided withmeans for opening and closingsaid means being here a cover plate N,secured in place by removable bolts; Each cover plate N is suspended bya chain 0 from a crane P pivoted on the outer wall of the casing. Byremoving the bolts, a cover plate N (or both plates) may be swunoutwardly to permit of access to the interior of the residue receptacle.Withinthe curved bottom of said receptacle I may place a removablelining R refer-ably of steel or other suitable metal. 'here is afire-grate opening, an ashpit opening and a cleaning opening in thecasing Gthese openings being respectively provided with suitable doorsS, T, U.

The operation is as follows:

The receptacle D being filled with crude oil, and fire started on thegrate A, the various products of distillation are given off as thetemperature rises. The solid residue meanwhile descends and accumulatesin the receptacle E, as shown in Fig. 1. When the distillation isfinished, the fire is banked, and either cover plate N, or both of saidcover plates, may be removed, if desired. The solid residue is thenremoved from the receptacle E by any suitable manually operatedimplements. Where a removable lining R is used in the said receptacle,said lining may be withdrawn by sliding the same longitudinally out ofan open end of the said receptacle, so that it will bring with it theaccumulated deposit. After this deposit is dumped, the lining may bereplaced.

It will be observed (1) That there is no solid matter on the oppositeside of any part of the oil receptacle wall upon which part the firegases directly impinge. Hence there is no part of the oil receptaclewall liable to be burnt out by said impinging gases.

isoaaoo (2) That the uprising gas current passes around, first, thelower portion and then the upper portion of said oil receptacle, thuseffectively heating the contents thereof.

(3) That all of the solid residue is collected in the receptacle E,which is below the level of. the fire-grate A and hence is screened bysaid grate from impact of the gas current, and therefore iscomparatively cool.

(4) That the ends of residue receptacle E extend outside of the'casingwalls, so that those who remove the deposit do not have to enter thecasing, and there is no need of reducing temperature during saidremovalthus materially saving time.

(5) The oil receptacle can, and should be, so proportioned as that thewhole residue from a given charge will form below the line of firecontact with said receptacle.

If it is not desired to use a separate receptacle for the residuedeposit, I may receive the same upon a hinged cover W which closes theoil receptacle bottom. Said receptacle may then be supported onstandards V (one shown in Fi 3) and said cover W may be normally h l dclosed by a chain and drum Y. The cover W may be dropped, as shown indotted lines Fig. 3, to dump the deposit thereon, which deposit may thenbe manually removed through the casing opening closed 'by door U.

I claim:

1. A coking still for crude oil, comprising a vertical tubularreceptacle for said oil open at its lower end. a receptacle for cokedisposed directly below said oil receptacle and having in its upper sidean opening registering with said open end of said oil receptacle, andmeans disposed above said coke receptacle for heating said oilreceptacle: the said coke receptacle being of elongated form andprotruding through a wall of a casing, and a removable closure being onsaid protruding endQ 2. A coking still for crude oil as in claim 1, thesaid coke receptacle being of elongated form and protruding at its endsthrough opposite walls of said casing, there being a removable closure,as set forth, on each of said: protruding ends.

3. A coking still for crude oil as in claim 1.. the said coke receptaclebeing of elongated form and protruding through a wall of said casing,and the said removable closure being a cover plate on said protrudingend. and, combined therewith, a crane pivoted on said casing, from whichcrane said cover plate is suspended. the said crane being pivoted onsaid casing and supporting said cover plate when said plate is removedfrom said residue receptacle.

4. A vertical coking oil still, a horizontal tubular receptacle fornon-volatile residue In testimony whereof I have aflixed my dlSPOSedbelow said still and communicating slgnature .in presence of twowitnesses.

therewith a trough-shaped longitudinally slidable lining of refractorymaterial in said THOMAS MURRAY 5 receptacle, a removable cover for anend of \Vitnesses:

said receptacle, and means disposed above GERTRUDE T. PORTER,

said receptacle for heating said still. MAY T. MCGARRY.

